Phrased Reading
What is it and what does the research say?
A passage, or text such as a poem, is broken up either by putting separate sentences on different pieces of paper, or using visual cues within the text such as \ and \\ to denote pauses. “This strategy involves making visible those normally invisible phrase boundaries for students… [which helps] reflect and amplify the meaning of the passage” (Rasinski, Yildirim, & Nageldinger, 2011).
By having students break up a passage in one way or another, “the results indicated that phrasing the passages for the participants improved their reading comprehension approximately one level" (Weiss, 1983). An improvement of one level is quite significant. By applying this technique early in the school year, you as a teacher can help close the gaps that exist within your classroom. |
Examples of Phrased Reading and Possible Uses
An example of phrased reading can be found above. Notice how slashes are placed in natural pauses in the phrase. These markings help students understand where to give pause before moving on. Single and double slashes can be used. A single within a sentence, and a double in place of a period.
In the example below, slashes have been replaced with vertical bars. These bars, marked in a different color than the text, stand out and assist the reader in pausing. Teachers can either instruct students were to create pause marks, or leave it up to the students. A combination of both would probably suffice.
In the example below, slashes have been replaced with vertical bars. These bars, marked in a different color than the text, stand out and assist the reader in pausing. Teachers can either instruct students were to create pause marks, or leave it up to the students. A combination of both would probably suffice.
Video Examples of Phrased Reading
Examples of phrased reading taking place can be seen below. The first video offers a comparison between a reader without phrased markings, and one with. A difference between the two can clearly be seen.
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Online Resources for Phrased Reading
http://thejoyofliteracy.blogspot.com/2011/05/lessons-from-kings-speech-become-more.html
Examples of Phrased reading are available.
http://www.interventioncentral.org/rti2/phrase_cues
Phrase Cue generator: Write a passage and auto create cues.
http://www.corwin.com/upm-data/18979_McEwan_Fluency_4_8_Pgs_74_75.pdf?WT.svl=webdesc
Passage with pre-made cues.
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/book/random-house-book-poetry-children
Website where teachers can find books for passages and/or poems
http://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poems/famous/children/
Website containing popular poems grouped by content area.
Examples of Phrased reading are available.
http://www.interventioncentral.org/rti2/phrase_cues
Phrase Cue generator: Write a passage and auto create cues.
http://www.corwin.com/upm-data/18979_McEwan_Fluency_4_8_Pgs_74_75.pdf?WT.svl=webdesc
Passage with pre-made cues.
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/book/random-house-book-poetry-children
Website where teachers can find books for passages and/or poems
http://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poems/famous/children/
Website containing popular poems grouped by content area.
References
Rasinski, T., Yildirim, K., & Nageldinger, J. (2011). Building Fluency Through the Phrased Text Lesson. Reading Teacher, 65(4), 252-255. doi:10.1002/TRTR.01036
Weiss, D. S. (1983). The Effects of Text Segmentation On Children's Reading Comprehension. Discourse Processes, 6(1), 77.
Weiss, D. S. (1983). The Effects of Text Segmentation On Children's Reading Comprehension. Discourse Processes, 6(1), 77.